Manifold silencer with plural lateral inlets and outlets



June 27, 1950 R B BOURNE ET'AL 2,513,229

MANIFOLD SILENCE-R WITH PLURAL LATERAL INLETS AND OUTLETS Filed May 5,1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 MANIFOLD ILENCER WITH PLURAL LATERAL INLETS ANDOUTLETS Filed May 5, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I 69 fiazn/vp vi June 27,1950 R B BOURNE ETAL 2,513,229

MANIFOLD ILENCER WITH PLURAL LATERAL INLETS AND OUTLETS Filed May 5,1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR Rom/v05. fiouR/vf June 27, 1950 R. B.BOURNE ET AL T MANIFOLD SILENCER WITH PLURAL LATERAL INLETS AND OUTLETS4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 5, '1945 Patented June ,27, 1950 MANIFOLDSILEN C ER .WITHPLURAL.

LATERAL INLETS AND OUTLETS Roland B. Bourne, West Hartford, andArthIur'E..

Chase, Elniwood, Conn., assignorsto" The Maxim Silencer Company,-Hartford, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut Application May 5, 1945,Serial No. 592,196'

This invention relates. to improvements in silencers particularlyintended to be attached directly to the exhaust ports ofan internalcom.- bustion engine without the intervention of a manifold. In'otherwords; the silenceracts as a manifold as'wellasrperforming its usualfunctions. Such devices are ofipa'rticular-value in connection withDiesel railway locomotives, in which space is at apremium and an exhaustmanifold must be used in any case. Ordinary types or" silencer-are notfitted for this'type of work.

The invention will 'now be described with relation to the accompanyingdrawings in which Fig. lis'a' section, on line I-l 'of Fig. 2, oi'oneembodiment of the invention in which the inlet and outlet pipes lie inthe same-plane;

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2.of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section, on line 3 -3- of Fig. 4, showing a'construction inwhich inlet and outlet are from the side and end respectively;

Fig. eis ase'ction on line i-lofFig. 3;

Fig; 5 is a section, on line 5-5 of Fig. 6, of-a:

Fig. 12 is'a section; on line|2l2 of'Fig. 13, of

a further modification;

Fig; 3.3 is asection on line 13-43 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 141s a longitudinal section showing a modification of theconstruction shown in Figs. 5 and 6;

Fig. 15 is a section, online l5-|5 of Fig. 16; showing a furthermodification;

Fig. 16 is-a sectionon line". Iii-l5 of. Fig. 15;

Fig. 1.7 isasection; on line-ll-l'l of Fig. 13; of a-'=m0dification'using 'a slanting partition;

Fig. l8-is asection on line I8!8 ofFig. 17;

Fig. 19 is a'secti'on :on line [El-HofFlg. 20, of a modification11511155 12, conical partition;

Fig. 20' is a sectionion line .ill'28'of Fig. 19;

Fig. 2]. is a'longitudinal'section, on line 2I-2.i-

of Fig. 22, of a modification using'a stepped cylindrical partition;

Fig. 22 is-a'section' on line" 22-22 ofFig. 21;

Fig. 23isa longitudinalis'ection, on line 23-'23 2 Claims. (01. 181-40)2 of "Fig; 24', ofiamodificationof the form shown in 3; Fig. 24isa'section online M -Moi Fig. 23';

25'isa longitudinal partition; on line 252'5 of Fig. 26, of a furthermodification;

Fig. 26"is a section on line 26-46 of'Fig. 25;

Fig. 27 is a longitudinal section, on line 2'i21 of Fig. 28', of afurther modification; and

Fig. 28 is a section on line 2828 of Fig; 273

In general silencers constructed in accordance with the presentinvention are characterized by an elongated-shell into one side of whichinlet pipes may enter directly from'the ports of the engine. Alongitudinal partition, which may assume variousiorms, divides thecasing'into two chambers separated transversely of the easing, into oneof which the inlet pipes enter and intothe other of which enters one ormore'exhaust pipes from either the side orthe end of the casingdepending upon the conditions under'which the silencer is'to be'installed. Oneor more transfer'conduits'pass from the inlet to theexhaust chamber through the partitionin such a waythat" the gas isnotallowed to pass directlyfrom theinlet pipes'into the transfer pipes orfrom the latter into the exhaust pipes, but so that expansionof the gasand a breaking up of the pulses occur in the two chambers. The-formwhich the longitudinal partition and-the transfer conduits may takemaybe variedconsiderably as will be shownin the following modifications.

Figs. 1 and 2 show a cylindrical casing 2!, closed by endheaders 22andhaving alongitudinal partition 23, arcuate in cross section bothforstrength and to permit expansion under heat.

lhe interior of. the casing is thus divided into two chambers:24.and 25which serve respectivelyas inlet and outlet chambers. Aplurality ofvinlet conduits 26, corresponding in numberv to the cylindersto which thesilencer is to be attached, are provided with flanges 2? to be secured.to the. ports of the cylinders andpass through the casing 2! intochamber 24. Since the cylinders do not fire simultaneously each one hassubstan-,

tially the total volume of the chamber 24'available to it. Transfertubes 28, here shown as arranged in two sets, each three in number,arepositioned out of line with the inlet pipes and pass through thepartition 23. Outlet pipes 29, here shown as two in number, arestaggered'with respect to the transfer tubes and open into the outletchamber 25.

This construction provides two chambers for. silencing action withoutrequiring much space laterallyoi the engine, since the longer dimensionIn this and other modifications the September 29, 1942. Fig. 7 shows amodification similar in all respects except that the inlet pipes 26 arecurved to permit the inlet and outlet'con- I duits to beat right angles.

Figs. 3 and 4 show a modification in which the inlet pipes 30 extendlaterally into an inlet chamber 3! and transfer tubes 32 pass from thischamber into an outlet chamber 33 through an arcuate partition 34. Thisconstruction is sub: stantially like the, preceding case except that thetransfer tubes are shown in two sets of two each.

A single outlet conduit 35, provided with a slot 35..in this caseextends longitudinally of the silencer and passes out through the endheader 31. This construction is of particular value where the exhaustpipe is to discharge to the rear of the locomotive.

Figs. 5 and 6 show three inlet pipes 38 asbefore. but these arepreferably inclined within the silencer so as to discharge towards oneend of the inlet, chamber 39. This chamber is separated from the outletchamber 40 by a pair of reversely curved arcuate partitions ll and 4?.each extending substantially to the center of the silencer and joined bya lune-shaped partition 83. Through this partition pass longitudinallydisposed transfer tubes 44, which may be of differing sizes as shown.The partitionsM, 42 and 43 are preferably so disposed as to permit thetransfer'tubes to open into that end of the inlet chamber toward whichthe inlet pipes 38 are directed. An' outlet pipe 45 extendslongitudinally through end header 46, opening towards that end of theoutlet chamber 40 into which the transfer tubes open. A- modification'ofthis structure is shown in Fig. 14 in which the inlet pipes 4! as beforeand the'partitions 4B, 49 and. 50 are arranged so that the transfertubes 5! open into that end of the inlet chamber 52 toward which theinlet gases are directed. The outlet pipe 53, h0wever. is -in thisinstance positioned to open into the opposite end of the exhaust chamber54 from that into which the transfer tubes open. This gives a longer gasflow in the outlet chamber and a double reversal of flow which in somecases increases the silencing effect. These two constructions are ofvalue in increasing the permissible length of the transfer tubes,which'should be a substantial fraction of the length of the silencer asshown.

vThe form shown in Figs. 8 and 9 embodies the same general principles,but is designed to permit combinationof silencing action with a sparkarresting function. The inlet pipes 55 enter an inlet chamber 55 dividedby an arcuate partition 51 from an outlet chamber 58. The latter chamberis made approximately cylindrical. Through the partition pass one ormore (two as shown) transfer tubes 59 so positioned as to discharge gassubstantially tangentially of the outlet chamber. The whirling actionthus imparted to the gases causes any entrained solid particles to bethrown outwardly so that they can pass out through a longitudinal'slot60 into a pipe 6! leading to a suitable dirt trap. The outlet pipe 62 isin this case positioned longitudinally of the outlet chambersubstantially along its axis so as to offer the least resistance to thewhirling of the gases.

Figs. 10 to '13 represent two forms of a construction similar in purposeto those of Figs. 3, 4 and 13 but with the passage of the transfer tubesfrom one side to the other of the partition obtained by offsetting thetubes rather than the partition. Referring first to Figs. 10 and 11, thecylindrical casing 63 is divided by a longitudinally extending arcuatepartition 64 into an inlet chamber 65 and an outlet chamber 66. Inletpipes 51 extend into the former chamber and outlet pipes 58 extend intothe latter. A series of transfer tubes 69 are ofiset at an intermediatepoint so that they may pass through the partition and yet remaingenerally parallel to the axis of the casing. In the form shown in Figs.10 and 11 the tubes are all bent in the same direction, while the tubesIt in Figs. 12 and 13 are bent alternately in opposite directions thatthe gas flow is from both ends of the inlet chamber to both ends of theoutlet chamber rather than from one end of the former to one end of thelatter as in Figs. 10 and 11.

A manner of forming the partition so as to avoid the necessity of usingseparate transfer tubes is shown in Figs. 15 and 16. In this instancethe partition is formed of two oppositely curved overlapping plates Hand T2 welded together where they touch. Due to the reverse curvature apassage 13 is formed between the overlapping portions of the plates, andby having the plates shorter than the casing M this passageway is madeto open at one end into the inlet chamber 15 and at the other into theoutlet chamber 16. It will be understood in this and other forms thatthe inlet and outlet conduits may be arranged in any desired way.

It is not necessary that the partition be arcuate as in the formspreviously described. Thus in Figs. 17 and 18 the partition 11 is madeof a flat sheet but is arranged on a slant so that the transfer tubes'18 may pass through it and remain parallel to the axis of the casing.

In Figs. 19 and 20 the partition 19 is conical and the transfer tubes 80are parallel to the axis as before. While this form is restricted tocases where the exhaust pipe 8| can extend longitudihot gas from theinlet pipes 82 heats the entire casing and not just one transverse sideof it, so

that any tendency of the casing to buckle on a longitudinal curve isavoided. A somewhat similar construction having the same advantage isshown in Figs. 21 and 22, in which the partition is formed by twocylindrical shells 83 and 34 of differing diameters, joined by anannular header $5 through which the transfer tubes 86 pass.

The modification of Figs. 23 and 24 is somewhat similar to that of Figs.3 and 4 but has the additional feature that the transfer tubes 8'? areall directed towards the center of the outlet chamber 88.

It is also possible to combine the general type of structure alreadydescribed with further silencing devices as in Figs. 25 and 26. In thisform a shell 89 U-shaped in cross section is welded to a cylindricalshell 90 so as to produce an inlet chamber 9| external to shell 90. Theinterior of shell 90 is divided by a partition 92 into an intermediatechamber 93 and. anoutlet chamber 95. Inlet pipes 95 enter the chamber al, a transfer tube 96 connects that chamber with the intermediatechamber 93, transfer tubes 9! connect the latter with'the outlet chamber94,

and a single outlet pipe 98 extends axially into the latter. The totalarea of each of the several sets of tubes is preferably substantiallyconstant.

In the form shown in Figs. 27 and 28 the partition 99 is made flat andis traversed by a large number of transfer tubes I 00. Inlet pipes I01enter at one side of the partition, while a centrally entering exhaustpipe I02 at the other side is branched in T-shape to providelongitudinally extending open ended pipes I03 having slots HM on theside opposite the transfer tubes.

We claim:

1. A manifold silencer comprising a generally cylindrical casing, asingle plate-like partition extending transversely across the casing andlongitudinally throughout its length so as to divide the casing into twoadjacent chambers, a plurality of inlet conduits extending laterallythrough and beyond the wall of the casing a substantial distance intothe adjacent one of said chambers, terminating with open ends at anintermediate point therein, and having direct communication with thatchamber only, at least one outlet conduit extending laterally throughand beyond the wall of the casing a substantial distance into the otherof said chambers, terminating with an open end at an intermediate pointtherein, and having direct communication with that chamber only, and aplurality of transfer conduits extending through and a substantialdistance beyond said partition and terminating with open ends atintermediate points in said two chambers out of alignment with saidinlet and outlet conduits.

2. A manifold silencer comprising a generally cylindrical casing, asingle plate-like partition extending transversely across the casing andlongitudinally throughout its length so as to divide the casing into twoadjacent chambers, a plurality of inlet conduits extending laterallythrough and beyond the wall of the casing a substantial distance intothe adjacent one of said chambers, terminating with open ends at anintermediate point therein, and having direct communication with thatchamber only, at least one outlet conduit extending laterally throughand beyond the wall of the casing a substantial distance into the otherof said chambers, terminating with an open end at an intermediate pointtherein, and having direct communication with that chamber only, and aplurality of substantially imperforate transfer conduits extendinglaterally through and a substantial distance beyond said partition andterminating with open ends at intermediate points in said two chambersout of alignment with said inlet and outlet conduits.

ROLAND B. BOURNE. ARTHUR E. CHASE.

REFERENCE S CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,078,754 Day Apr. 2'7, 193'?2,353,036 Hoyle July 4, 1944 2,361,133 Sprouse Oct. 24, 1944 FOREIGNPATENTS Number Country Date 626,321 Germany Feb. 24, 1936 662,367Germany July 11, 1938

